Introduction
Energy Audit and Load Flow Analysis are two important goals of the R-APDRP reforms below manner in many of the State Electrical Distribution Utilities in India. This is consistent with the necessities of discount in ATC losses and whole vitality accounting. The reforms are envisaged to be caused by means of IT-enablement of utility enterprise processes, during which GIS performs an important position. The GIS utility helps in sustaining listed shopper database and electrical property database. The listed shoppers are mapped to their respective supply of provide. This is crucial for performing vitality accounting Distribution Transformer-wise and Feeder-wise. GIS utility built-in with Network Analysis module helps in numerous calculations like technical losses, load movement evaluation, vitality audit, community optimization and “what-if” analyses.
R-APDRP is the flagship program of Govt. of India, began in 2009, to rework the ailing energy distribution sector in India, enhance course of efficiencies and make it commercially viable, with out compromising with the next principal goals:
1. Provide dependable and high quality energy provide to all shoppers at inexpensive value 2. Progressive discount in ATC losses to manageable ranges 3. Reduce energy outages and interruptions 4. Improve buyer companies
Energy Audit and Network Analysis modules play complimentary roles for correct estimation of the technical and business losses and assist in taking acceptable corrective motion for enhancing the efficiency of {the electrical} distribution system. They assist in capturing and validating vitality inputs, vitality consumption and different electrical parameters to calculate vitality losses in a clear method.
Energy Audit and Network Analysis
Energy audit has at all times been excessive on the precedence amongst all utility functions. Energy audit module needs to be seamlessly built-in with metering, billing and assortment with minimal handbook intervention. The module has to seize electrical distribution community and vitality parameters for feeder-wise and DT-wise loss evaluation and identification of sections of income leakages. Therefore, 100% metering of shoppers, substation feeders and distribution transformers is an important necessities for whole vitality accounting. The foremost technical problem is to impact a seamless integration of the complete enterprise processes – each the brand new techniques and present legacy techniques, except the utility chooses to discard the latter altogether.
Energy Audit module has to work carefully with Network Analysis. There are particular instruments out there to offer graphical evaluation of distribution community with schematics highlighting attribute information for each substation, linked feeders, DTs, circuit breakers, sectionalizers and auto-reclosures. The community evaluation instrument makes use of advance algorithms for calculating section imbalances, figuring out low-voltage or overloaded sections, calculating section-wise loss ranges and taking choices on system optimization by means of community reconfiguration, capacitor placements and different system enhancements measures as per vitality audit necessities.
GIS is being leveraged in energy utilities for vitality audit and community evaluation, and rising as a robust instrument for load planning and administration with the goal to enhance the standard of electrical energy provide and associated companies. The geo-referenced electrical community overlaid on space base map is useful for the utility in not solely managing property and their upkeep, but additionally for mapping {the electrical} shoppers to its supply of provide for vitality audit functions. By integrating electrical GIS with community evaluation utility, numerous analytical research are attainable for load movement evaluation, quick circuit evaluation, effectivity calculations and optimization.
GIS necessities of Distribution Utility
GIS utility for Distribution Utility is a multi-modular utility whose elements is built-in with core distribution processes like new connection administration, meter information administration (MDM), billing and collections, buyer care, community evaluation and vitality audit. For higher manageability, the GIS utility must be configured with parameterized enterprise guidelines with service-oriented structure (SOA). The GIS utility ought to have the ability to cater to the next enterprise course of necessities:
GIS primarily based shopper indexing and asset mapping primarily based on DGPS survey, digitization and superposition of geospatial map and information on satellite tv for pc imagery
Integrated with different utility functions for community and cargo movement evaluation, higher load administration, forestall income leakages and enhance companies
Able to conduct simulation research to judge the influence of community reconfiguration, re-conductoring and optimization
Have in-built customized library of utility-specific symbols so as to add numerous community elements with saved attribute information on base map
Should have the potential of graphical creation, enhancing and modeling of distribution community primarily based on GIS information
Have the potential of computerized checking and validation of community topology and information primarily based on community design parameters
Able to carry out load movement calculations to offer energy flows in MW, MVAR and present in every part, load at every node, voltage and regulation at every node for low voltage, overloading and loss evaluation
Provide optimization of community design primarily based on calculations for capacitor placement, switching sequence, protecting gadget coordination and community restorative actions
Provide computerized checking and validation of community topology and information primarily based on community design parameters
Perform load movement calculations for low voltage circumstances, overloading, loss evaluation and voltage laws
Perform “what-if” evaluation of distribution community parameters, equivalent to (a) Capacitor placement and sizing, (b) Selective reconfiguration & re-conductoring, (c) Substation sizing and placement, (d) Network augmentation, and (e) Network load variation
Utility GIS structure
To serve the aim of the Utility when it comes to ease of use, interoperability and integration with different modules, the GIS utility for the Utility needs to be n-tier, web-based utility primarily based on Service- Oriented structure (SOA). The numerous elements of this structure are:
1. Presentation Layer: This layer is for formatting and supply of knowledge and companies as required by the Utility. This layer renders the content material in presentable format to the goal shopper gadgets e.g. Browser, Laptop, Desktops, and many others. As the underlying functionalities will probably be utterly decoupled from the presentation know-how, new gadgets or service supply channels could be simply adopted with out impacting the purposeful elements.
2. Application/ Business Logic Layer: The utility tier consists of COTS server utility specifically ArcGIS Server and ArcFM Server offering the mandatory functionalities equivalent to authentication, geo-processing, metadata administration, map rendering and many others. Customized interfaces and functions will probably be developed and uncovered to the purchasers utilizing these elements. These functionalities embrace Map navigation, locater instruments, question, enhancing, tracing, SLD’s, versioning and many others. It breaks massive functions into manageable, autonomous and nicely contained elements of enterprise performance that can be utilized in quite a lot of circumstances as outlined within the Process Integration layer. The utility layer exposes particular elements as a service.
3. Process Integration Layer: Process layer gives for modeling of the enterprise processes and their integration. It will allow to all of the underlying companies to be built-in and orchestrated as per SOA precept. Addition of recent processes or modifications in current one could be applied by orchestrating the modifications as per the brand new requirement, e.g. if the present assortment course of requires new cost mode to be integrated, it could simply require new cost service to be built-in with current course of.
4. Enterprise Data layer: The database tier consists of the GIS database together with the GIS information Store (containing the whole information for the Land base, Network and Consumers), Operational Data Store and Analytical Data Store. All the databases are built-in to one another utilizing Data integration Services. The GIS Data Store is the supplier of {the electrical} community information to the opposite techniques equivalent to Network evaluation, vitality audit and many others. The database tire additionally consists of information authoring stations for the administration and authoring of map information. Thus, this layer includes of the information and data facets inside the enterprise. Data corresponding to every utility stack is obtainable on this layer. This layer can also be be answerable for transferring operational information to analytical techniques.
Utility GIS Technology necessities
The GIS platform ought to assist generic GIS elements and conform with Open GIS information requirements e.g. Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC). The resolution should assist the most recent Web 2.zero and SOA applied sciences. This will make sure that the Utility GIS resolution could be simply built-in with any SOA-compliant third-party functions. Moreover, the applying must be extremely scalable and simply configurable resolution to satisfy present and future enterprise wants. SOA-compliance empowers the GIS utility to ship geospatial content material and capabilities through Web companies. Web companies correspond to recognizable enterprise capabilities and supply a set of protocols by which they are often printed, found, and utilized in a typical kind. Web companies are the constructing blocks of service oriented structure (SOA), the spine of service-level integration. Embracing GIS know-how inside the context of an SOA enriches the group’s service choices and improves total effectivity, accuracy, and accessibility to organizational enterprise processes. These companies could be utilized in quite a lot of shopper functions on a middleware integration platform, equivalent to Enterprise Service Bus, primarily to satisfy the next goals:
1. Integration Capability – The utility structure ought to present standards-based integration, with out the necessity for proprietary programming instruments.
2. Enterprise Scalability – Use of open requirements ensures scalability of the applying as per Utility’s necessities, and optimizing each deployment and upkeep prices of built-in techniques.
3. Customizability – Industry customary resolution will guarantee customization with minimal efforts and ease of deployment of newer model.
GIS Standards and Interoperability
The GIS software program chosen for growing Utility functions must be able to centrally managing geo information, offering higher information safety and integrity of the huge utility database of distribution community property and electrical shoppers. It ought to present entry to massive volumes of information sources, whereas decreasing storage prices and information processing overheads. It ought to lengthen GIS capabilities for cellular workforce administration, growing the accuracy and worth of area information assortment and asset monitoring. The GIS software program must be scalable and sturdy, designed to satisfy the Utility’s necessities.
The GIS platform ought to conform to open requirements and enterprise IT frameworks that enable customers to include GIS into any utility on quite a lot of computing and cellular gadgets. It ought to assist Utility’s workflows and enterprise necessities, spatial information administration, enhancing, evaluation, and show. The interoperability throughout numerous enterprise modules is achieved by means of open IT requirements:
1. Web requirements, by means of SOAP, XML, JavaScript, and many others.
2. OGC compliance, by means of GML, WFS, WMS, WCS
3. Enterprise Integration, by means of SOAP, XML, EJB, SQL, and many others.
Data Interoperability eliminates obstacles to information sharing by offering state-of-the-art direct information entry; information translation instruments; and the flexibility to construct advanced spatial extraction, transformation and loading (ETL) processes. It permits the use any customary GIS information, no matter format for mapping, visualization, and evaluation. The geospatial capabilities have to be constructed utilizing open, standards-based utility program interfaces (APIs). In addition, it ought to enable distribution of information and companies by means of interface for managing geo-databases.
GIS for electrical utility ought to have the potential for modeling, enhancing, sustaining, and managing electrical asset information in an enterprise system. It ought to present extensions for feeder administration and community evaluation. It ought to embrace tracing duties to automate utility operations and an intensive set of enhancing instruments. It ought to facilitate geographic information creation, community mapping and community evaluation and permit integration of a number of calculations equivalent to voltage drop, load movement, fault present, load administration, community optimization, and many others.
Conclusion
In Electricity Distribution Utility, it’s a basic requirement to have a correct vitality accounting and auditing system, aided by distribution community evaluation on GIS platform. This could be achieved by automating the distribution worth chain utilizing open- requirements structure and acceptable know-how. A excessive stage of integration is required utilizing enabling options and internet companies for well timed and precisely recording, processing and mining of information for vitality audit and evaluation. The course of integration envisages the answer to be designed in a multi-tier, web-based and service-oriented structure (SOA) mannequin. Enabled by GIS, Energy Audit and Network Analysis modules could be seamless built-in with meter information administration, billing and collections, asset administration, listed shopper database and electrical community mapping on a middleware enterprise service bus. Standard plug-ins, enterprise APIs and inter-operability requirements like WSDL, UDDI, XML and SOAP facilitates this integration course of.
=====
Comments