
The orange juice test
Spending money is very easy. Spending money effectively is very hard. There are lots of dodgy people & service providers out there who...

Surviving and thriving in two-sided markets
Any product serving two distinct sets of users is addressing a two-sided market. eBay connects buyers and sellers. Google connects...

Prioritising Features: Who’ll Use It & How Often?
The Swiss Army knife is a remarkable product. By combining many products of low utility, it becomes a product of some utility. This is...

3 rules for customer feedback
Gathering useful timely feedback from customers can be a long process. Intercom makes it faster and easier than ever before but just...

Where to draw the line as a product manager
The most important thing a product manager does is decide where their product stops and someone else’s product takes over. If an app does...

Running Closed Betas: Which Users, and How Long?
A closed beta is an excellent feedback loop. It lets you see what works well in your application, and it helps you understand the jobs...

Chinese Gloves and Total Addressable Markets
The total market for coffee in America is worth about eighteen billion dollars. That’s $18,000,000,000 if you like to see zeroes. If...

The fallacy of funnels
The funnel is a lousy metaphor for measuring conversion. In real life, funnels let everything pass through–a 100% conversion rate if you...

What you should know about private betas
Private betas are great for controlling access to a product as you tweak it. They work best when your product delivers value, but isn’t...

Interview: Bob Moesta (Part 2 of 2)
The second part of our interview with Bob Moesta discusses topics specific to start-ups. We look at how a start-up can apply these Jobs...

Copy the Fit, not the Features
The world of start-ups is obsessed with outliers. Companies who have achieved remarkable success through a combination of their...

Sustainable advantages for startups
In Gimmicks and Patterns I wrote that new features either become table stakes, or are dismissed as being gimmicky. As some readers noted,...

The problem with data driven decisions
The mathematician searches around the lamppost on his hands and knees. “What are you looking for?” a bystander asks. “My keys, I dropped...

Features & Physics Envy
I use the above graph to pick what features to add or improve based on how many customers use them, and how often. This leads to curious...

Why startups need a strong vision
Meaningful companies are built upon a strong timeless vision. Let’s look at some examples… “To organize the world‘s information and make...

Beware of icebergs
When a customer asks for a new feature, it’s quite often something that makes perfect sense. My heart says “Sure thing, we can do this...

Recent new features in Intercom
We’ve had a phenomenal response to the product since we began our private beta back in June. It has been amazing to get such qualified...






















